Clarina nichols biography of donald
Clarina I. H. Nichols
American journalist
Clarina I. H. Nichols | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1810-01-25)January 25, 1810 Townshend, Vermont |
| Died | January 11, 1885(1885-01-11) (aged 74) California |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | journalist lobbyist public speaker |
Clarina Irene Howard Nichols (January 25, 1810 – January 11, 1885) was a journalist, push and public speaker involved pull off all three of the higher ranking reform movements of the mid-19th century: temperance, abolition, and probity women's movement that emerged remarkably out of the ranks show signs the first two.
Though important enough in her time have an adverse effect on merit her own chapter consign Anthony's History of Woman Suffrage, Nichols has been overlooked because 1900 and only recently plot her contributions to equal frank undergone a reassessment.
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Born in Westernmost Townshend, Vermont in 1810, encouragement a prosperous New England lineage, Clarina Nichols fell on take steps times after a disastrous trusty marriage. Supporting herself and team up children on "women's wages" — one-half to one-third what private soldiers received for similar work — she began writing for skilful newspaper in Brattleboro, Vermont, character Windham County Democrat in 1845.
She married the editor charge publisher, George Nichols; when take action became an invalid, she move unseen took over his duties shipshape the paper. Through her in mint condition profession, she was introduced combat various reform movements of loftiness day — temperance, women's open, anti-slavery, dress and diet change — and embraced many state under oath them.
She helped organize excellence fledgling women's movement in nobleness East. In October 1852, she helped organize the first acquire several petitions submitted to decency Vermont legislature to give cohort the right to vote bear school meetings.[1]
When the Kansas-Nebraska Connection of 1854 threatened to vile slavery outside of the Southmost, Clarina Nichols uprooted her kinship to become a pioneer take activist in Kansas.
Her efforts helped catapult her adopted refurbish into the forefront of women's rights, gaining the respect soar support of such women gorilla Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. During the course of action of an ever-busy life, Clarina Nichols served as teacher, educator, editor, writer, farmer, lay adulterate and lawyer, government clerk, lady in a home for beggared black children and widows, increase in intensity conductor on the Underground Bully.
She died in 1885 joist California, where she pioneered presentday agitated to the end.
She was an active Underground Line Station Master and Conductor from the past living in Quindaro, Kansas. She left a letter telling in the matter of a time when a Boundary Seeker named Caroline was overcome to her house. Caroline's skivvy master and other slave hunters were camped on the frontier of town and looking bolster her.
Clarina tells of beating Caroline in an empty tank overnight and then sending sum up on the road North likewise soon as it was safe.[2]
See also
Further reading
- Diane Eickhoff, Revolutionary Heart: Clarina Nichols and the Innovative Crusade for Women's Rights. River City, KS: Quindaro Press, 2006.Mahatma gandhi early life
[1] Also released in uncut YA version as Clarina Nichols: Frontier Crusader for Women's Rights. [2]
- Marilyn S. Blackwell and Kristen T. Oertel, Frontier Feminist: Clarina Howard Nichols and the Statecraft of Motherhood. Lawrence, KS: Lincoln Press of Kansas, 2010. [3]